“Science”, as represented in school textbooks, plays a basic role in students’ formation of perspective on science. To see how this representation has taken place in Sociology2 textbook, it was content analyzed and the status of philosophical and metaphysical foundations in relation to science was identified. From the perspective of this textbook’s authors, science in general, and social sciences in particular, including sociology, is based on ontology, anthropology, and epistemology and as a result, there are differences between natural and social sciences. However, while being critical of secular experimental science, recommends benefitting from sensation, wisdom, and revelation (i.e. Quran) in order to reach a “scientific” understanding. Furthermore, according to this book’s epistemic perspective, description, explanation, criticism, and recommendation are among the goals of social science, and in general, is more critical than explanatory.