In the present research, the difference between the quality of life of fourth-grade schoolboys in ordinary schools and those in schools of life in the city of Tehran have been studied. A descriptive, causal-comparative approach was used. The statistical population consisted of all fourth-grade elementary school students in ordinary schools and schools of life in the city of Tehran. The statistical sample was selected based on the Morgan table and by means of random stratified sampling, and assessed by using the questionnaire on the quality of school life by Anderson and Bourke (2000). The validity of the questionnaire has been determined based on face validity through remarks made by experts and academicians, and Cronbach’s alpha was shown to be 0.81.  The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and the T-test were used for data analysis, and SPSS software was used in all phases of analysis as well. The findings pointed out significant differences between ordinary school students and those studying at schools of life regarding their quality of life, social coherence, adventurousness, opportunism, general sense of satisfaction, and teacher-student relationships at 99% percent confidence interval and regarding students' academic progress at 95% percent confidence interval. The findings of this study also showed, at 95% percent confidence interval, there to be no significant difference between ordinary school students and those studying at schools of life regarding their negative emotions as one of the aspects of the quality of school life.